集群目标战场价值综合评估

针对目前装甲机械化部队作战过程中缺乏对装甲集群目标整体价值评估的问题,提出一种通过敌武器平台的数量、作战效能、综合价值系数以及武器平台的位置分布等因素对集群目标价值进行综合评估并排序的方法.介绍集群目标价值指标的构成,给出确定部署兵力类型和数量的原则,并通过仿真验证.评估结果表明:该方法合理有效,能较好地反映集群目标对我方的威胁程度,为我方的兵力分配等决策过程提供参考依据.     

“断零”的危害和防范

阐述三相四线配电回路中中性线中断("断零")引发的诸多电气危害,介绍国际上和国内对防"断零"危害的不同措施。作者赞同国际电工标准采取多种措施避免"断零"的发生,从根本上杜绝"断零"引发诸多电气危害的对策。对我国有关规范以过欠压防护电器防范"断零"的规定提出质疑。     

防雷检测中不确定度评定的探讨与分析（上）

通过列述不确定度定义、测量不确定度的产生原因以及不确定度的评估项目．说明防雷检测中不确定度分析的必要性和重要性．以期使防雷检测建立在科学、公正和准确的基础上并持续、稳定发展。     

航空器轨迹冲突探测方法的改进与仿真

针对传统轨迹冲突探测方法忽略航空器外形轮廓会造成空域浪费的问题,对冲突探测几何近似法进行改进.考虑航空器外形尺寸对轨迹冲突探测结果的影响,提出扩展保护区的概念,给出相应几何近似法的计算步骤,并通过仿真实验对所提出的几何近似法的有效性进行验证.仿真实验表明:所提出的几何近似法的结果能反映轨迹冲突概率的变化趋势,更接近冲突概率的真实情况.     

基于IFC标准BIM数据库的构建与应用

当前BIM理念,即在建筑行业中各部门各专业之间协同工作的概念已越来越为国内外研究学者与工程技术人员所关注。BIM技术的核心是建筑全生命周期过程中的信息共享与转换。针对这一核心问题,本文介绍了现今国内外对BIM技术的研究、开发现状,并分析指出当前BIM技术发展所存在的问题有:多个工程项目信息无法集中存储;大量BIM软件在IFC文件输入输出的过程中发生建筑信息的错误;BIM应用软件的缺失等。文章指出BIM技术的实现,需要以基于IFC标准的BIM数据库为基础。然后,本文详细阐述了BIM数据库的构建,以及BIM数据库输入输出应用接口、基于BIM数据库简单工程概算功能的开发、结构模型转换功能至BIM数据库的移植等,并通过实例演示了BIM数据库的存储、查询、工程概算、结构模型转换等功能的应用,验证了构建基于IFC标准BIM数据库的可靠性与应用开发的可行性,为BIM建筑协同平台的开发及数字城市的实现奠定了基础。     

房地产企业的价值链分析

在竞争日益激烈的房地产市场,房地产企业建立自己企业的价值链管理模式是一种必然趋势。要想高效地实现企业价值,必须对价值链进行深入的分析,分清基本活动和辅助活动的范围,并建立各种活动的联系,发挥价值链的整合功能。     

Functional and residual capital values as criteria for water pipe renewal

Water pipes are considered as tangible assets designed to provide a level of service throughout an expected lifetime. The asset can be characterised by two types of values: capital or accounting value and functional value. The capital value of assets depreciates according to a specific rate per time period. The depreciation is assessed by the annual amortisation of the capital asset, which constitutes a potential self-budgeting for future renewal. The development in the last 20 years of public sector accounting standards boards dedicated to tangible capital assets management has encouraged water and wastewater utilities to consider capital depreciation as a decision-making criterion for asset prioritisation. At the same time, when the capital depreciates the asset function deteriorates, but this deterioration is more difficult to assess. In fact, each asset can be evaluated according to a functional value that indicates the capacity of the asset to deliver the designated service at the required level. This value declines during the service life because of the occurrence of unexpected events (failures, breaks, leaks and degradation). The functional deterioration, also referred to as ‘obsolescence’ or ‘reliability’, is still misunderstood for water pipe assets. This study addresses the following questions: How can the functional value be estimated for water systems both at the pipe and at the network scale? How can the decision-making process for pipe renewal be improved by incorporating specific indicators based on both functional and accounting values? The current research focuses on the definition of an appropriate time-dependent functional value, based on the following hypothesis: the functional value depends on both structural and hydraulic deterioration of the pipe asset, but is partially restored by curative maintenance actions. The calibration of the functional value is mainly based on historical incident data, roughness data and managers' opinions. In order to carry out the decision-making process, the evolution of the functional value is simultaneously analysed with the depreciation of the capital asset value. The implementation of the approach at the pipe and the network level leads to an assessment of innovative criteria for the purpose of assessing possible renewal policies.     

世界遗产武当山的文化景观价值

武当山是中国重要的道教圣地,园林营建活动历史悠久、空间广袤、建造技术精湛,达到了皇家所要求的宏伟、威严和道教所追求的玄妙、超然,是人文美与自然美的高度统一。本文通过对世界遗产武当山文化景观的概述,认为武当山是人类文化的见证和古代科学技术的典范,也是我们建设山地人居环境的生动教材。     

Statistical evaluation on storm sewer design criteria under climate change in Seoul,South Korea

This study conducted statistical analysis under both stationary and non-stationary climate using rainfall data measured in Seoul, South Korea. The 50 year annual maximum rainfall data were analysed with generalised extreme value distribution and Gumbel distribution. Possible rainfall changes were predicted with nonstationary forms of the two distributions, considering time variable location parameters. The current storm sewer design criteria were assessed by reflecting climate change implications and expected lifetime performance. Expected return periods were reduced to 4.67, 8.66, 19.16 and 23.53 years for the current 10 min - 5, 10, 30 and 50 years. The newly suggested design criteria of 5, 10, 30 and 50 yr return period storm events were 5.3, 12, 48 and 107 years for the 10 min duration for a 50 year lifetime expectancy.     

中国古代造园目的之分析

从本体论的视角而言,中西方园林是两种性质完全不同的空间.二者服务于不同的目的,乃至于发展出不同的技术方法和表现形式.因此,造园目的是理解园林形式、园林创作的艺术与技术手段以及园林审美的基础,也是通达园林本质的起点.该文基于中国传统园林的发展脉络,辅以适当的文献资料,分析中国传统造园目的的变迁.并以此为线索,揭示中国传统园林的空间本质和园林空间演变的文化逻辑.最后,对中国传统园林的当代价值提出讨论.